To be, To do, To have - As main verbs and helping verbs

To be, To do, To have

V1 (Present) V2 (Past) V3 (Past Participle) V4 (Continuous form)
To be am, is, are was, were been being
To do do, does did done doing
To have have, has had had having

These verbs (To be, To do, To have) are used in their different forms as main verbs and helping verbs also at different situations as shown in the above table.

To be, To do and To have are the most important verbs in the English Language. These verbs are used differently as main verb and helping verb at different situation. Lets see the usage of the verbs.

1. To be :

This verb is used as main to show Existence/state, quality, relation, profession, etc. in other hand same verb is used as helping verb also.

For example:

  • I am at home. (Main Verb)
  • He is playing football.(Helping Verb)
See also : Usage of Verb To be.

2. To do:

This verb is used as main verb to show an action in other hand same verb is used as helping verb also.

For example:

  • I did my homework. (Main Verb)
  • He did not write letter.(Helping Verb)
See also : Usage of Verb To do.

3. To have:

This verb is used to show possession or ownership as main verb in other hand same verb is used as helping verb also.

For example:

  • I have a pen.(Main Verb)
  • I have completed my homework. (Helping Verb)
See also : Usage of Verb To have.

References

  1. Azar, B. S., & Hagen, S. A. (2017). Understanding and using English grammar (5th ed.). Pearson Education.
  2. Swan, M. (2016). Practical English usage (4th ed.). Oxford University Press.
  3. Eastwood, J. (2016). Oxford guide to English grammar. Oxford University Press.
  4. Cowan, R. (2008). The teacher's grammar of English. Cambridge University Press.
  5. Celce-Murcia, M., & Larsen-Freeman, D. (1999). The grammar book: An ESL/EFL teacher's course (2nd ed.). Heinle & Heinle.
  6. Leech, G., & Svartvik, J. (2003). A communicative grammar of English (3rd ed.). Routledge.
  7. Murphy, R. (2019). English grammar in use: A self-study reference and practice book for intermediate learners of English (5th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  8. Carter, R., & McCarthy, M. (2006). Cambridge grammar of English: A comprehensive guide. Cambridge University Press.
  9. Quirk, R., Greenbaum, S., Leech, G., & Svartvik, J. (1985). A comprehensive grammar of the English language. Longman.
  10. Biber, D., Conrad, S., & Leech, G. (2021). Longman student grammar of spoken and written English. Pearson Education.

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